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Jonathan Hughes | Hemel Hempstead

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)

A common inner ear disorder that causes sudden, brief episodes of dizziness (vertigo) when the position of the head changes. It occurs when small calcium crystals, called otoconia, become dislodged from their normal position in the inner ear and move into one of the semicircular canals. This causes the inner ear to send incorrect signals to the brain, resulting in vertigo. The dizziness is typically triggered by specific movements, such as turning the head, lying down, or looking upward. BPPV is called “benign” because it is not life-threatening, “paroxysmal” because the episodes occur suddenly, and “positional” because it is triggered by changes in head position. The condition is usually treated with physical therapy manoeuvres, such as the Epley manoeuvre, which helps reposition the crystals. Most people recover fully with treatment, although episodes can recur.

If you have Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) and need help. Get in touch with your ENT specialist in London to book a consultation today! 020 3897 0667

What causes BPPV?

BPPV is usually caused by the displacement of tiny calcium crystals, called otoconia, from their normal position in the inner ear. This may occur due to age-related changes, head trauma, or other inner ear disorders. However, in many cases, no clear cause is found.

What are the symptoms of BPPV?

The main symptom of BPPV is sudden, severe vertigo (dizziness) that is triggered by specific head movements such as turning over in bed, looking up, or bending down. Other symptoms may include nausea and a feeling of imbalance, though hearing loss is not typically associated with BPPV.

How is BPPV diagnosed?

BPPV is typically diagnosed through a physical examination that includes a test called the Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre, which involves moving the head in specific positions to trigger vertigo. A healthcare provider may also use other tests, such as balance tests or imaging, to rule out other conditions.

When should I see a doctor for BPPV?

You should consult a doctor if you experience sudden or severe dizziness, particularly if it’s triggered by head movements. It’s important to get a proper diagnosis and treatment to manage symptoms and prevent falls.