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Jonathan Hughes | Hemel Hempstead

What is Nasal Discharge?

Nasal discharge, often described as a runny nose or rhinorrhoea, occurs when the body produces excess mucus that drains from the nose. While it is normal for the nose to create a small amount of mucus to keep the passages moist and to filter out dust and germs, too much discharge can be uncomfortable and sometimes points to an underlying condition. The discharge may be clear, thick, yellow, green, or occasionally blood-stained, and its appearance can provide clues about the cause.

Causes of Nasal Discharge

Short-term nasal discharge is most commonly caused by viral infections such as the common cold or flu, where the discharge may start clear and then become thicker. Allergies such as hay fever or sensitivity to dust and pets can also trigger a watery discharge, often with sneezing or itching. Longer-term or more severe discharge may be linked to sinus infections, which can produce thicker mucus and may be associated with facial pain and pressure. Growths in the nose called polyps can also lead to persistent symptoms. In very rare cases, a clear and watery discharge after head injury or surgery may represent a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, which requires urgent attention.

Treatment Options

The right treatment depends on the cause and how long the problem has been present. Simple viral infections usually settle with rest, plenty of fluids, and the use of saline sprays or rinses to clear the nasal passages. Allergies may be controlled with antihistamines or steroid nasal sprays, while sinus infections sometimes need antibiotics if they do not resolve on their own. For more persistent problems such as nasal polyps or structural issues inside the nose, surgery may be recommended to improve drainage and airflow. An ENT specialist can carry out a nasal endoscopy to make an accurate diagnosis and advise on the best treatment for each individual case.

If you’re having nasal discharge issues, get in touch with your ENT specialist in London to book a consultation today!
020 3897 0667

When should I be concerned about nasal discharge?
If your symptoms last more than three to four weeks, or if the discharge is blood-stained, foul-smelling, or accompanied by fever, facial pain, or vision changes, you should seek medical advice.

Does the colour of mucus always mean infection?
Not always. Although yellow or green mucus can be seen with bacterial sinus infections, it is also very common during viral illnesses, so colour alone does not mean antibiotics are required.

Can allergies cause constant nasal discharge?
Yes. Allergic rhinitis often leads to clear, watery discharge and is commonly associated with sneezing, congestion, and itchy or watery eyes.

What is a CSF leak, and why is it serious?
A cerebrospinal fluid leak is a rare cause of clear, watery discharge, usually following a head injury or previous surgery. Because it can increase the risk of infection, it requires urgent specialist assessment.

Will surgery cure my runny nose?
Surgery can be very effective if the problem is caused by nasal polyps, chronic sinusitis, or a structural issue such as a deviated septum. However, many cases can be well managed with medication and simple measures without the need for surgery.