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What is a Nasal Infection?

A nasal infection occurs when the lining of the nose becomes inflamed and irritated, usually due to bacteria or viruses. It may cause swelling, discomfort, and discharge, and can sometimes spread to the sinuses. While mild infections often improve on their own, more persistent or severe cases may need specialist care, particularly if they are causing significant blockage, pain, or recurrent symptoms.

Causes of Nasal Infection

Most nasal infections begin after a viral illness such as the common cold, when the lining of the nose is weakened and more vulnerable to bacteria. Bacterial infections may then develop, leading to thicker discharge and greater discomfort. In some cases, nasal infections are linked to chronic sinusitis, where ongoing inflammation creates an environment for infections to recur. Risk factors include allergies, a deviated septum, nasal polyps, or environmental irritants such as smoke and pollution.

Symptoms of Nasal Infection

Typical symptoms include a blocked or congested nose, facial pain or pressure, a runny nose with yellow or green discharge, reduced sense of smell, and sometimes fever or general tiredness. In more severe cases, swelling around the eyes or worsening headaches may occur, which requires urgent medical attention.

Treatment Options

Mild nasal infections caused by viruses often clear without treatment, helped by rest, fluids, and saline rinses to keep the nasal passages clear. Pain relief and decongestants may also be used for short-term relief. If the infection is bacterial, antibiotics may be prescribed by a doctor. For recurrent or long-term infections linked to sinus problems or structural issues, an ENT specialist may recommend investigations such as nasal endoscopy or CT scanning. In some cases, surgery to improve drainage, remove polyps, or straighten the septum can help reduce the risk of further infections.

If you think you have a nasal infection, get in touch with your ENT specialist in London to book a consultation today!
020 3897 0667

How do I know if my nasal infection is viral or bacterial?
It can be difficult to tell the difference. Viral infections are far more common and usually improve within one to two weeks. Bacterial infections may last longer, cause more severe pain or fever, and sometimes need antibiotics.

Can allergies make me prone to nasal infections?
Yes. Allergies can cause swelling and blockage inside the nose, which makes it easier for infections to develop. Treating the allergy often helps reduce the number of infections.

When should I see a specialist?
If you experience frequent infections, severe facial pain, swelling around the eyes, or symptoms lasting more than three weeks, it is advisable to see an ENT specialist for further assessment.

Are nasal infections contagious?
Viral infections such as colds are contagious and can spread through sneezing, coughing, or close contact. Bacterial infections are less easily passed on but may follow after a viral illness.

Can surgery help with nasal infections?
If infections keep recurring due to structural problems, chronic sinusitis, or nasal polyps, surgery may help by improving drainage and reducing blockages in the nose and sinuses.