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Jonathan Hughes | Hemel Hempstead

What are Nosebleeds?

Nosebleeds, medically known as epistaxis, are very common and most people will experience them at some point. They occur when tiny blood vessels inside the nose break and bleed. In most cases, nosebleeds are short-lived and harmless, but frequent or severe bleeding can sometimes point to an underlying problem that needs medical attention.

Causes of Nosebleeds

The inside of the nose is lined with very delicate blood vessels that can be easily damaged. Common triggers include dryness, allergies, frequent nose blowing, minor trauma, or picking the nose. Children and young adults often experience nosebleeds for these reasons. In older adults, the blood vessels in the nose may be more fragile and bleed more easily. High blood pressure, blood-thinning medication, or conditions that affect blood clotting can make bleeding more frequent or difficult to control. Less commonly, structural problems in the nose, infections, or growths may be responsible.

Treatment Options

Most nosebleeds stop on their own with simple first-aid measures. Sitting upright and leaning forward, while applying firm pressure to the soft part of the nose for ten to fifteen minutes, usually stops the bleeding. If bleeding is heavy or keeps recurring, an ENT specialist may recommend cauterisation, where the fragile blood vessel is sealed, or nasal packing to control more significant bleeds. For patients with an underlying structural problem, such as a deviated septum or abnormal blood vessel, surgery may occasionally be needed. Preventative measures, such as keeping the nasal passages moist with saline sprays or ointments, can also help reduce recurrence.

If you’re having repeated nose bleeds, get in touch with your ENT specialist in London to book a consultation today!
020 3897 0667

When should I see a doctor about a nosebleed?
You should seek medical advice if your nosebleeds are frequent, very heavy, last longer than twenty minutes despite applying pressure, or are accompanied by other worrying symptoms such as dizziness or unexplained bruising.

Are nosebleeds dangerous?
Most nosebleeds are not dangerous and can be managed at home. However, repeated or severe bleeds should always be checked, especially in older adults or people on blood-thinning medication.

Can high blood pressure cause nosebleeds?
High blood pressure does not usually cause nosebleeds directly, but it can make bleeding harder to stop once it begins.

What is nasal cauterisation?
This is a simple outpatient procedure where the bleeding blood vessel is sealed using a chemical solution or gentle heat. It helps prevent further bleeding from the same spot.

How can I prevent nosebleeds?
Keeping the inside of the nose moist with saline sprays or ointments, avoiding nose picking, and treating underlying allergies or sinus issues can help. If you are prone to nosebleeds, your ENT specialist can advise on tailored prevention strategies.